Market Capitalization Definition, Significance, and Categories

how to calculate market cap

Small caps are often younger companies that are aiming to grow their businesses quickly. When small caps are successful, they might be able to show fast growth and strong stock gains. But because these companies may be less stable, less well-established, and have less access to cash, they might also be more vulnerable to downturns or even failure, and so can come with greater risk. Generally, investments in mega-cap or large-cap stocks are considered more conservative with less volatility than investments in small-cap stocks. For instance, Nvidia closed with a stock price of $135.58 per share on June 18, 2024, when it reached a market cap of $3.335 trillion.

Liquidity and Investment Attraction

For instance, if two tech companies have significantly different market caps, it may indicate differing market perceptions about their future growth potential, profitability, what are the major types of costs or competitive positioning. It’s a generalization that stocks with a bigger market cap carry less risk, while small caps are considered to be riskier. A large-cap stock that carries a large amount of debt on its balance sheet or that faces an unexpectedly bad news story, for example, can suddenly carry more risk than previously thought. Alternatively, a small-cap stock with steadily increasing earnings and little to no debt might be a less risky investment than some large caps. A company’s market cap is first established in an initial public offering (IPO). In preparing for this process, a company pays a third party (typically an investment bank) to determine the value of a company, and recommend how many shares to offer to the public and at what price.

Those options and warrants will each bring in another $50 million in cash (as the $5 strike price for the 10 million options and the 10 million warrants will be paid to the company). Note that although it is not explicitly broken out here, the weighted average of the diluted share count should be used when calculating the market cap of companies. Under an alternative approach, we can calculate the market cap by subtracting net debt from the enterprise value of the company. With a solid understanding of market cap now under your belt, here are some ways to consider using it as you’re researching investments and constructing your portfolio. Or you could even split the difference by buying mid-cap stocks or the best mid-cap ETFs, enjoying higher growth than large-cap stocks along with higher stability than small-caps. Market capitalization can impact how you construct an investment portfolio.

how to calculate market cap

Advanced Stock Screeners and Research Tools

  1. For example, a company whose value is estimated at $100 million may want to issue 10 million shares at